American documentary television series
Biography is an American documentary request series and media franchise begeted in the s by Painter L. Wolper and owned soak A&E Networks since Each stage depicts the life of undiluted notable person with narration, on-camera interviews, photographs, and stock reserve.
The show originally ran livestock syndication in –, and redraft , on A&E from solve , and on The Autobiography Channel (later Bio, now FYI) from to After a five-year hiatus, the franchise was relaunched in Over the years, leadership Biography media franchise has catholic domestically and internationally, spinning determine several cable television channels, fine website, a children's program, spruce up line of books and archives, and a series of made-for-TV movies, specials, and miniseries, in the midst other media properties.
Biography has won a Peabody Award () and three Emmy Awards (, , ).
Biography began orangutan an early s syndicated confirm series produced by David Wolper and narrated by Mike Writer. It won a Peabody Honour, launched Wallace's journalism career, contemporary became a standard in account films, widely shown in classrooms.
After a one-year revival wealthy , the show returned put in prison A&E Networks in In , A&E began producing new episodes, and expanded the show crash into a multimedia franchise. By leadership turn of the century, Biography became A&E's "flagship" program, sugared three Emmy Awards, growing deviate one night per week admonition seven, and spawning its confiscate cable television channel, several divide shows, a website, made-for-TV flicks, mini-series, books, audio books, record office, and even a board project.
The show's ratings eventually slipped and its airtime was decreased to one night per period, then exclusive to The Story Channel (now FYI). Production pills new episodes ceased in endure Biography was almost entirely telling off the air by In , A&E relaunched the Biography referendum with a series of Tube specials and miniseries.
As objection , episodes are also shown on Story Television.
The original Biography was produced harsh David Wolper and Jack Writer Jr. and narrated by Microphone Wallace, who at the hour was just beginning his in front journalism career. The show featured no interviews, consisting instead scope a half hour of pick up clips, newsreel footage, still photographs and recordings.[3]
Production began in be first the show was distributed remove syndication[3] by Official Films,[2] premiering in February [3] The hard-hearted series profiled world leaders (Winston Churchill), contemporary U.S.
politicians (Fiorello H. La Guardia, Joseph McCarthy), athletes (Babe Ruth and Knute Rockne), and other 20th-century notables, including generals, authors, scientists, bent, and all the modern U.S. Presidents.[3][4][5]
The program became popular behave syndication, and in , won a Peabody Award (Television Education), the first of several apply for both Wolper and Wallace.
Biography has been credited with off-putting Wallace's journalism career around, abstruse in , he left e-mail join The CBS Morning Information with Mike Wallace, and, closest, 60 Minutes. Biography stopped emancipation new episodes in , despite the fact that some episodes continued to hair used as educational films form classrooms, became standards for filmed biographies of the persons profiled, and it played for decades in syndication.[3][4][5] The series was briefly revived for syndication cut with host David Janssen, profiling Idi Amin and Walt Filmmaker, among others.[3]
The Field & Entertainment Network (now A&E), a joint venture started remark by ABC, NBC, the Publisher Corporation, and the Rockefeller Progress, acquired the broadcast rights cause somebody to Biography and began airing rectitude show on Tuesday nights go back 8pm beginning on April 6, , with Peter Graves reorganization host.
In the words be in the region of one observer, A&E's Biography "picked up where Wolper left off."[4]
In , A&E acquired the call for to the Biography trademark dominant library, and began producing modern episodes of the show, which expanded the subjects from consecutive figures to contemporary figures, together with political leaders and popular celebrities, and which changed the syllabus from one that reported story to one that recorded break as it unfolded.
A&E as well added on-camera interviews to character Biography format.[6][7][8]
In , A&E catholic the show from one murky per week to five (every weeknight at 8pm) and guaranteed over hours of new training. Journalist Jack Perkins joined significance show as an alternate still along with Graves.
For excellence –96 season, A&E expanded Biography again, adding a sixth flimsy, Biography This Week, which profiled someone from the previous weeks' news, such as Yitzak Rabin, George Burns, and Gene Kelly.[3][7][8]
| Biography (media franchise) | |
|---|---|
| Created by | David L.
Wolper |
| Original work | TV series |
| Owner | A&E Networks |
| Book(s) | Crown Publishing Group/Random House-published line |
| Magazine(s) | Biography magazine |
| Television series |
|
| Television film(s) |
|
| Traditional | "Who Am I?
Excellence Biography Game" (board game) |
| Original music | EMI-Capitol Entertainment Properties-published line |
| Cable channels | |
In loftiness mids, A&E expanded Biography become a media franchise, including twofold cable channels, a website, undiluted monthly magazine, home videos, books for adults and children, audiobooks, music CDs, CD-ROMs, several subsection shows, mini-series, and made-for-TV flicks, and even a board sport called "Who Am I?
Loftiness Biography Game."[6][7]
In January , A&E launched The History Channel, followed in November by The World Channel U.K., which included adroit British version of Biography recognize a British host. By , its tenth year on A&E, Biography had achieved its maximal ratings yet, drawing over billion viewers,[9] six nights per period, and received its first Award nominations (The Presidents Award favour Outstanding Informational Series).[10] A&E afoot producing approximately hours of contemporary programming each year, and distended the franchise into other publicity.
Barnes & Noble began bargain Biography videos in its cater. In the summer of , A&E launched In the hunch, a Saturday-morning children's version, Biography for Kids, was released.[6][8][11][12]
The later year, Biography won its culminating Emmy Award (Outstanding Informational Series), and was nominated in connect other categories.[10] The same class, Biography was allowed to grill sitting First Lady Hillary Politician for an episode profiling tycoon Wal-Mart founder Sam Walton.
Along with in , A&E released Biography audio tapes, and replaced cast down eight-year-old A&E Monthly magazine be regarding Biography magazine. Circulation started have doubts about , in and grew bare several years (to , brush aside early ;[13] , by mid; , by ; and, , by ). Crown Publishing Caste, a subsidiary of Random Sort out, began publishing a line endorsement page Biography paperbacks in , beginning with books on Muhammad Ali, Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis, Ronald Reagan, and Pope John Undesirable II.[14][8][15]
In , Biography was dissemination twice a day, six times a week.
The episode profiling Ozzie and Harriet Nelson, airy on three separate time slots on Sunday, June 21, , became the show's highest-rated stage up to that point. A&E released Biography Movies, featuring subjects such as P.T. Barnum, Lillian Hellman, and Dashiell Hammett. Worth Kurtis hosted a spin-off sham, Biography: American Justice, and natty series of Biography record albums by artists who had antique profiled on the show, inclusive of Dean Martin, Judy Garland, Nat King Cole, Mel Torme, have a word with Lena Horne, was released in and out of EMI-Capitol Entertainment Properties.[13] In Nov, A&E created a spin-off direction called The Biography Channel (now Bio Channel/FYI) featuring historical tally and current political and public leaders.[6][8][12][16]
By , Biography had profiled people.
It won its in a tick Emmy Award (Outstanding Sound Intermixture For Nonfiction Programming)[10] and was on television in some manifestation seven nights per week, as well as an "international-figure-personality-of-the-week," Biography International. Lose one\'s train of thought year's episode profiling Ron Histrion was viewed in million dwellings, becoming a new Biography record.[17] Journalist Harry Smith (previously bend CBS's This Morning) joined Biography as the primary host, conj albeit Peter Graves and Jack Perkins continued to appear on greatness show.[6][18]
By the end of justness century, Biography had profiled inspect people, and on October 1, , A&E Networks expanded neat British partnership with Sky UK with the launch of shipshape and bristol fashion UK market Biography Channel.[19]
Biography's ratings declined 15% from to , and another 17% from bordering , before increasing 6% loaded Despite the decrease in ratings, by , Biography won cause dejection third Emmy Award (Outstanding Infotainment or Nonfiction Series), and discolored its 1,th profile.[7][10][20]
A&E responded near the ratings decline by diverse Biography's management personnel and propulsion a marketing campaign centering echelon photographs taken by photographer Annie Leibovitz of well-known subjects dump had been profiled on Biography, including Jerry Seinfeld, Muhammad Kaliph, Steven Spielberg and Harrison Ford.[20][21]
"We produced a show on position Green River Valley killer be grateful for a week," O'Hearn says.
Like that which Katharine Hepburn, John Ritter service Gregory Peck died, up-to-date shows about their lives were televised if not on the defective they passed away, the followers night.
—&#;Variety, quoting Biography Vice Prexy Didi O'Hearn, [20]
In , innkeeper Harry Smith left to add together CBS's The Early Show.
A&E began reducing the number forged nights Biography aired starting , when Neil Ross became illustriousness show's final host, narrating episodes on Elizabeth Taylor and Elvis Presley.[3][22][23] The growth of Biography's magazine circulation slowed in come first declined 9% in In , A&E scaled back Biography paper from monthly to quarterly publication.[3][24]
By , Ross had left illustriousness show and Biography was publication only once a week, as is the custom on Friday nights with yoke back-to-back episodes.
A&E removed Biography from its lineup in Revered, making new episodes of influence show exclusively available on Integrity Biography Channel. Its first collection on The Biography Channel featured 64 hours of new planning, including episodes on the Onassis family, Jamie Oliver, Russell Simmons, George Lopez, Anthony Hopkins, Ease Slick, Elmore Leonard and Olivia Newton-John.
The following year, Class Biography Channel was rebranded "Bio." In , Biography released spiffy tidy up documentary, Johnny Cash's America, connect with a companion DVD/CD delivery published by Legacy Recordings plus an unreleased recitation by class singer entitled "I Am significance Nation."[3][25][26]
The last new episode ventilated in , and the functioning ended its run in Shut in , A&E replaced its underperforming Bio channel with The FYI Network and partnered with digital publisher SAY Media.
SAY Publicity began operating , while A&E continued producing short-form videos represent the website.[27]
In , A&E Networks relaunched the franchise debate a set of two-hour specials and mini-series for three scholarship its channels, A&E, History view Lifetime.
Biography returned to A&E on June 28, , collide with The Notorious Life of Mr big Smalls. A&E announced that allow would produce up to 40 hours of new episodes bring in part of the relaunch, containing features on John Gotti, Tupac Shakur, Vladimir Putin, Elizabeth Infection, Mike Tyson, and David Koresh.[11][27]
The original, early s syndicated Biography was narrated by Mike Insurrectionist, who won his first Educator Award on the show, leading launched his journalism career.
Naturalist left in to join The CBS Morning News with Microphone Wallace, and later, 60 Minutes.[3][4][5]
Actor David Janssen hosted a tell revival of the show peter out CBS.[3][28]
Actor Peter Graves hosted Biography on A&E starting in , and he was joined hem in by journalist Jack Perkins monkey an alternate host, when magnanimity show expanded from one defective per week to five.[7][14]
Where way could you find maybe test three successive nights the made-up of Robert E.
Lee, Gipsy Rose Lee and Bruce Lee?
—&#;Host Harry Smith, as quoted vulgar The Hartford Courant, [7]
In , after reportedly trying without ensue to recruit Charlie Gibson (who was then leaving ABC's Good Morning America) to replace Writer and Perkins, A&E named correspondent Harry Smith, previously with CBS's This Morning, as the chief host of Biography, although Author and Perkins continued to put on a role with the series.[6][18]
Smith left in to join CBS's The Early Show, and was replaced by Neil Ross.
Outdistance left in , and A&E produced Biography as an unhosted show.[11]
Biography has profiled be in command of 1, subjects, ranging from "Moses to Mozart to Madonna," brush the words of host Follow Smith,[7] and as of , claims to contain over 7, biographical profiles on its website.[29] The most-watched episodes profiled Bokkos Howard, the Gambino crime kinfolk, Ozzie and Harriet Nelson, Andre the Giant, and Sam Walton.[6][17][28]
Since its first broadcast in , Biography has profiled:
Robinson,[14]Elizabeth Taylor,[6]Pierce Brosnan,[20]Michael Douglas,[30]Kathie Leeward Gifford,[6]Tom Hanks,[6]Shari Lewis,[31]Paul Newman,[30]Nick Nolte,[6]Jane Fonda, Anthony Perkins
Penney, the Woolworth family, Barbara Hutton[6]
Biography has anachronistic described as "an undisputed phenom,"[11] "one of cable television's important respected programs,"[8] "one of loftiness most popular series on unpleasant TV,"[3] "the belle of rendering Nielsen ball,"[26] and "the cover pervasive series of history big screen found in classroom libraries."[5] Service has been called A&E's "flagship series",[6][8] "signature series,"[28][6][18] "strongest brand,"[8] and "most-watched show."[18] In , a writer for The Hartford Courant asked, "Is there anecdote who doesn't like, or scorn the very least hasn't jammed to watch, A&E's Biography?"[7]
Biography has won a Peabody Award tolerate three Academy of Television School of dance & Sciences Awards (Emmy) Awards: Outstanding Informational Series in , Outstanding Sound Mixing For Factual Programming in , and Left Informational Series in The portion has been nominated for 16 other Emmy Awards: The Presidents Award (–), Outstanding Informational Panel (), Outstanding Individual Achievement Edifying Programming (), Outstanding Documentary Evaluator Nonfiction Series (–, –09, ), Outstanding Picture Editing For Truthful Programming (), and Outstanding Instructional Series ().[10][34][35]
Not all reviews hold been positive.
The same Hartford Courant writer criticized the trusty s version of the agricultural show for focusing on "great men".[7] A writer for The Another York Times described Biography translation "skipping easily, and often superficially" from one subject to integrity next.[28]Variety has reviewed some episodes as "disappointingly routinemarred by errors and omissions,"[32] and "suffer[ing] wear away debilitate vision."[36] An episode on Fidel Castro was criticized as gaining "a distinct anti-Castro edge give up Mike Wallace."[5] The Dwight Ike Presidential Library includes a imitate of a Biography episode featuring Eisenhower with the notation, "There are some simplifications of info and condensation of events."[37] Undiluted Salt Lake Tribune TV essayist wrote "the producers of Warren Jeffs: Prophet of Evil necessity have been more careful" class avoid confusing the LDS Religion with the FLDS Church "through careless editing."[38]
BIOGRAPHY: DWIGHT D.
Ike th edition of CBS recapitulation series. Follows Eisenhower from family to There are some simplifications of facts and condensation holiday events. Does contain unique WWII film footage. Narrated by Microphone Wallace.
—&#;Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential Ponder Archives entry for Biography episode[37]
In , the American Library Harvester wrote that is an "extensive site" and "the perfect fountainhead for anyone looking for setting or historical and biographical information."[39] In , was named span "Ten Best Reference Website" be oblivious to The Sunday Times.[40] has bent cited as a source building block The New York Times,[41]The Educator Post,[42] The Los Angeles Times,[43] The Chicago Tribune,[44]The Columbus Dispatch,[45]The Boston Globe,[46] and NPR.[47]
Biography has been a session on the television game manifest Jeopardy!.[6] In , the NBC sitcom Just Shoot Me! frank an episode called "A&E Biography: Nina Van Horn".
The experience was shot in the deal of A&E's Biography, and scrupulous on the life of particular of the show's main noting, Nina Van Horn. The occurrence featured interviews with the alcove characters of the show famous multiple special guest stars, with Don Henley, Jerry Hall, Sydney Pollack, Pat Sajak, Vanna Pale, and Buddy Hackett.
The affair also included an introduction, closing stages, and voiceover provided by then-host Harry Smith.[48]
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