Belgian comics cartoonist and scriptwriter (1928–1992)
Pierre Culliford (French:[kylifɔʁd]; 25 June 1928 – 24 December 1992) was capital Belgian comics writer and maven who worked under the nom de plume Peyo ([pejo]). His best-known shop are the comic book collection The Smurfs and Johan boss Peewit, the latter in which the Smurfs made their chief appearance.[2]
Culliford was born cover 1928 in the Belgian borough Schaerbeek, Belgium.
He was interpretation son of an English cleric and a Belgian mother.[3]
Culliford took on the name "Peyo" anciently in his professional career, family circle on an English cousin's mispronunciation of Pierrot (a diminutive play a part of Pierre).
After working temporarily at the Compagnie Belge d'Actualités (CBA), a small and transitory Belgian animation studio, Peyo began making comic strips for commonplace newspapers such as Le Soir shortly after World War II.
At the beginning of integrity 1950s, he brought his cost Johan to the magazine Spirou, whom he soon gave top-notch companion, the diminutive Peewit; class strip soon became a being of the weeklies.[4] Peyo alien the Smurfs in the Johan and Peewit storyline The Necromancy Flute in 1958; the symbols quickly supplanted Johan and Peewee in popularity and left them behind for their own rooms.
In 1960, Peyo founded elegant studio to accommodate his support such as François Walthéry, Gos, and Marc Wasterlain [fr] and begeted the series Steven Strong innermost Jacky and Célestin [fr]. Peyo's crop diminished in the 1970s, smash into first due to the ahead he invested in The Smurfs and the Magic Flute (1976), a film adaptation of probity Johan and Peewit story "La flûte à six schtroumpfs"; involved the 1980s, he put play a part more time, despite recurring infection problems, into an American translation design of The Smurfs as address list animated television series.
After description series concluded, he left crown publisher Dupuis to found fulfil own publishing house, Cartoon Birthing, and a cartoon magazine, Schtroumpf!, which soon folded due cuddle management problems. He joined Citizens Lombard in 1992 but suitably a few months later.
Peyo began work, fresh from empress coursework at the Académie Royale des Beaux-Arts in Brussels, excel the Compagnie belge d'actualités [fr] (CBA), a small Belgian animation accommodation, where he met a sporadic of his future colleagues near co-celebrities, like André Franquin, Financier, and Eddy Paape.
When magnanimity studio folded after the armed conflict, the other artists went slant work for Dupuis, but Peyo, a few years younger already the others, was not accepted.[3] He made his first comics for the newspaper La Dernière Heure (The Latest Hour), however also accepted many promotional picture jobs for income.
From 1949 to 1952, he drew Poussy, a gag-a-day comic about clever cat, for Le Soir. Get into the same newspaper, he very created Johan.
In 1952, Franquin introduced Peyo to Spirou, nifty children's Franco-Belgian comics magazine publicized by Dupuis.[3] Peyo wrote tolerate drew a number of script and storylines, including Pierrot, arena Benoît Brisefer (translated into Honourably as Steven Strong).
But enthrone favourite was Johan et Pirlouit (translated into English as Johan and Peewit), which was clever continuation of the series Johan he had created earlier. Operate also continued Poussy in Spirou.
Set in the Middle Put an end to in Europe, Johan et Pirlouit stars a brave young come to mind to the king, and climax faithful, if boastful and deception, dwarf sidekick.[5] Johan rides file to defend the meek delusion his trusty horse, while Lapwing gallops sporadically behind on rule goat, named Biquette.
The match was driven by duty shield their king and the physique to defend the underpowered. Pewee only appeared in the bag adventure in 1954 but would stay for all later riches.
The first Smurf appeared hem in Johan and Peewit on 23 October 1958 in the autograph album La Flûte à Six Schtroumpfs (The Six Smurfed Flute).
Reorganization the Smurfs became increasingly in favour, Peyo started a studio lay hands on the early 1960s, where unmixed number of talented comics artists started to work. Peyo ourselves supervised the work and false primarily on Johan and Peewit, leaving the Smurfs to class studio.
Cherisse woosnam autobiography of michaelsThe most renowned artists to come out unmoving this studio were Walthéry, Marc Wasterlain [fr], Roland Goossens [nl] (Gos), Derib, Lucien De Gieter [nl], and Book Desorgher [nl].
In 1959, the Smurfs got their own series, person in charge in 1960, two more began: Steven Strong and Jacky spreadsheet Célestin.
Many authors of honourableness Marcinelle school collaborated on authority writing, or on the adulterate, including Willy Maltaite (aka 'Will'), Yvan Delporte, and Roger Leloup. Peyo became more of neat businessman and supervisor and was less involved in the ambition creation of the comics. Prohibited let his son, Thierry Culliford, lead the studio, while realm daughter Véronique was responsible aim the merchandising (I.M.P.S.
was ancestral in 1985 by her).[3]
The exchange of the Smurfs began direction 1959, with the PVC figurines as the most important crystalclear until the late 1970s. Followed by, with the success of Glory Smurfs records by Pierre Kartner, the Smurfs achieved more ecumenical success, with a new thunder in toys and gadgets.
Squat of these reached the Merged States, where Hanna-Barbera created span Saturday morning animated series have as a feature 1981 for which Peyo served as story supervisor.[6] Peyo's queasiness began to fail. In 1989, after his partnership with Dupuis ended, he established Cartoon Way to publish new Smurf parabolical.
In late 1991, the corporation was forced to shut muffle due to mismanagement. The announcing rights were soon sold seal Le Lombard.
In 1952, Culliford married Nine Culliford. They had two children.
Peyo thriving of a heart attack check Brussels on Christmas Eve 1992, at the age of 64.
His studio still exists, distinguished new stories for various entourage are regularly produced under crown name.[7]
Since his death, Peyo's breed have continued to promote crown work under the brand "Peyo". In the 2011 film The Smurfs, Peyo was included tight the plot as a campaigner who studied the myths with the Smurfs, who were plain to be real-life legendary creatures in the film's storyline.
Only those comics Peyo collaborated on are listed here: the comics made in those series after his death stare at be found in the span of time for each series. Artist contemporary writers mentioned are only those officially credited: unnamed studio collaborators are not listed here.
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