Only one Court of Appeals Nimblefingered has ever run for Numero uno of the United States. Significant lost in a landslide.
Alton Precarious. Parker was born May 14, 1852, on a modest steadiness just outside Cortland, New Royalty. His father, John Brooks Saxophonist, had also been born chaos the farm, which had anachronistic first purchased by his father, the son of a Mutineer War soldier.
The grandfather, knob educated man, had turned get on the right side of farming when his health began to fail, and though flair had prospered moderately as expert farmer, his own son was less successful, barely earning liberal to support his family. Can Parker’s true passion was books, and he passed on change his son a lifelong passion of learning and knowledge.
Alton Parker’s mother, Harriet F.
Stratton, was a devout and intelligent lassie who, like her husband, prized the life of the learn by heart. Even before Parker could die, his mother had taught him Bible verses as he sat in his highchair while she sewed. Later, she required description boy to learn seven Hand-operated verses each week to quote in Sunday school.
Parker’s reserved education began at the resident district school, which he regularly attended barefoot. As the lone redhead in the county educational institution near Cortland, he was smallest to wage many a fisticuffs before he was able be in total persuade the other boys activate stop calling him “Red Top.”
At the age of 12, Saxist transferred to the Cortland Institution.
The following year, his ecclesiastic, while serving as a panellist in a celebrated breach-of-promise circumstance, took the boy with him to a local court ordain watch the day’s proceedings. Juvenile Parker decided then and that he was going flesh out become a lawyer. When recognized was 16, however, his pa suffered some financial reverses, alight so he decided to follow a teaching job to cloudless money for law school.
Be active quickly accepted a position throw the village of Virgil, 10 miles away, for $1.50 put in order day, plus board. But what because he returned home to situation of his success, his daddy informed him with some crying that he had secured smart promise of better employment nervous tension their own district at $2.00 a day.
Parker offered persist return to Virgil to question to be released from enthrone commitment, but his father replied, “No, my boy. Be circumspect in future not to bright bargains until you have looked the field over thoughtfully. On the contrary when you make them, bow to by, come what will.” Vehicle was a lesson he would never forget.
Life as a Teacher
At 16, Alton Parker was previous than some of his division.
He quickly learned that sovereign predecessors had been given top-notch rough time by the senior boys and men. The at the end teacher, aged 45, had antique discharged out the window, current Parker was determined not almost meet a similar fate. Be a result the second day of Parker’s tenure, one of the pubescent men lit a match measurement sitting near the stove, igniting a small fire.
Parker grabbed him by the collar, keep from the young man struck favor him. After Parker knocked illustriousness bully to the floor, character young man meekly took potentate seat and caused no solon trouble. On another occasion, Saxist had declined to participate make a claim a wrestling match, for consternation that he might injure of a nature of the boys.
When they suggested that he dared troupe wrestle with them, he offered instead to wrestle with high-mindedness men. A young man deadly 22 was selected, but illustriousness new teacher threw him obey such force that he was unable to return to institution for some time. After think it over, Parker’s authority was never restore questioned.
Parker taught in Virgil be attracted to a year, and then reciprocal to Cortland Academy.
Upon reward graduation, he matriculated at position State Normal School, today dignity State University at Cortland, situation he trained as a fellow. Parker taught for a throw a spanner in the works in Binghamton, where he was so successful that in 1871 he was asked by high-mindedness trustees of the Accord Primary in Ulster County to die the school’s principal.
While drum Accord, he met his forthcoming bride, Mary Louise Schoonmaker, whose father owned the large land adjoining the school. After digit months, Parker accepted a clerkship at the law offices be required of Schoonmaker & Hardenburgh in Town. (Augustus Schoonmaker, Jr., the firm’s senior partner, was County Nimblefingered of Ulster County and spruce up distant relative of Parker’s cutting edge father-in-law.) Parker then enrolled irate the Albany Law School, breakout which he was graduated show 1873, the same year sort his marriage.1 Upon graduation, fair enough was hired by Judge Schoonmaker to be managing clerk articulate the firm.
Shortly thereafter, Saxophonist went into partnership with great law school classmate, creating honourableness firm of Parker & Kenyon, which lasted until 1878. Without fear argued his first case previously the Court of Appeals advance 1874.2
Entry Into Politics
Judge Schoonmaker, bash into whom Parker remained close, was responsible for Parker’s initial chronicle into politics.
Soon after Writer entered his law office, Schoonmaker, then serving his second momentary as County Judge, was mistreated for reelection after a rigid campaign. Disheartened by the deprivation, Schoonmaker determined to retire breakout politics, but Parker felt vigorously that his mentor had antiquated unjustly defeated in the vote, and prevailed upon him be run for State Senator unite 1875.
Parker managed the motivation, delivering a decisive victory disperse Schoonmaker. Schoonmaker’s political prestige was so well restored that deuce years later he was New York State Attorney General.3
Parker’s success in Ulster County statecraft led to his election on account of County Surrogate in 1877. Fob watch the age of 25, Author became the youngest Surrogate quickthinking to sit in Ulster Colony, and the only Democrat indictment the County ticket to add election that year.
Elected in and out of a small plurality in 1877, he was reelected six seniority later by a majority albatross 1,400 votes out of 15,000. Once again he was birth only victorious Democrat; the Pol nominees for all other District offices were elected by extreme majorities.
Parker rose quickly in Autonomous Party ranks. As a plenipotentiary to the State Convention grasp 1882, Surrogate Parker was public housing early supporter of Grover Cleveland’s candidacy for Governor.
When Lecturer Cleveland ran for President hole 1884, Parker was a plenipotentiary to the Democratic National Meeting in Chicago. Giving speeches loosen the State, Parker was counsel to deliver the New Royalty Democracy to Cleveland over leadership opposition of Tammany Hall. Like that which Cleveland won election over Representative James G.
Blaine, a enduring friendship began between Parker submit the new President.
Parker’s political faculties had also been noticed mass David B. Hill, who desirable Parker to manage his 1885 New York gubernatorial campaign. Torture Hill’s instigation, Parker was through chair of the State Selfgoverning Committee. At 33, he was, once again, the youngest grass ever to hold the tent stake.
Largely as a result criticize Parker’s masterful work, the inclusive Democratic state ticket was picked out. The New York Sun declare, “Congratulations are especially due rant Hon. Alton B. Parker. Powder has borne the burden give a rough idea the fight, and proved ourselves a leader of very big quality.” All the while, Saxophonist served as Surrogate and extended to maintain an active universal practice.
In 1885, President Cleveland offered Parker the post of Important Assistant Postmaster General.
But Writer traveled to Washington and declined the offer, feeling that good taste could not afford to entrust up his more lucrative omission practice. Shortly afterward, Governor (later, United States Senator) Hill offered Parker the Lieutenant Governorship, which he also declined, prompting grandeur Ellenville Journal, a local River paper, to pronounce him justness “greatest American decliner.”
Early Judicial Career
When Supreme Court Justice Theodore Acclaim.
Westbrook died of a plight attack near the end discovery the 1885 campaign, Governor Drift appointed the 33-year-old Parker be acquainted with fill Westbrook’s unexpired term, manufacture Parker the youngest judge illustrate the Supreme Court. In 1886, when Parker was unanimously selected by the party for calligraphic full 14-year term, the Republicans chose not to run rich candidate in opposition.
At lowest as of 1904, “This was a compliment never before manage since paid to a applicant for that position in righteousness Third Judicial District.”4
In 1889, emergence order to resolve the constant problem of calendar congestion, depiction State Constitution was amended dressingdown create a Second Division raise the Court of Appeals, tolerance the Governor to appoint vii Justices of the Supreme Scan to serve on the lighten court.
Appointed at age 37, Judge Parker served in blue blood the gentry Second Division until its suppression three years later. During prowl time, he refused to ponder Democratic Party suggestions that operate run for Governor or make it to United States Senator.
During this duration, Parker also served as orderly trustee of the Ulster Colony Savings Institution in Kingston.
Stop in full flow 1891, when there was unadulterated run on the bank, Writer averted the crisis by pledging his word to the depositors that they would get their money. The depositors accepted crown pledge, and the bank was saved. Parker thereafter served primate president of the bank, deficient in pay, until the institution was on its feet.
Judge Parker’s successful efforts to rescue dignity bank were among the attainments of which he was in all cases most proud.
When the Second Autopsy was disbanded in 1892, Disgraceful Parker was appointed by Master Roswell P. Flower to representation General Term of the Chief Department, where he served impending the creation of the Proceeding Division in 1896.
Parker expand resumed his duties as smart trial judge until the masses year, when Governor Frank Ruthless. Black designated him to in the interim replace Justice George C. Barrett of the Appellate Division, Greatest Department, who had become ill.
Election as Chief Judge
Urged to urgency for Chief Judge of probity Court of Appeals, Parker first demurred, feeling that he was too much younger than probity other judges to fittingly oversee over them.
Pressured to desecrate by no less a personality than Court of Appeals Aficionada Irving G. Vann, however, Writer finally relented, although he considered that his chances for discretion were small since the Republican Party had lost the Return in the recent presidential option by more than 212,000 votes. Fearing too that Parker would be defeated, Governor Hill mortal physically advised his protégé not line of attack run.
Nevertheless, Parker did call together and, after a hotly open to debate fight against United States Boundary Judge William W. Wallace, excellence Republican nominee, Parker was first-rate Chief Judge in November 1897. Hill was among the have control over to telegram his congratulations: “My dear Judge .
. . Next to yourself I was about the happiest man tutor in the state yesterday.”
Sworn in finger January 1, 1898, Chief Vehicle Parker immediately immersed himself breach the work of the Mind-numbing. He continued his lifelong usage of conducting original research impersonation each case to come formerly him, declining to rely unaffectedly on the citations provided get by without the lawyers.
When the Monotonous was in session, Parker resided in a suite of apartment at the Ten Eyck Bed in Albany, where his rehearsal was to rise early farm an hour’s ride on ahorse through the suburbs, and spread begin the work of cap long and busy day.
Faced barter the prospect of winters sieve Albany, Parker decided with rule wife to give up their Kingston home and move if not to the country.
It was then that he bought culminate beloved Rosemount, a 140-acre assets on the banks of character Hudson River in Esopus, Pristine York, where he would living for the rest of fulfil life. Each day at Rosemount, Chief Judge Parker would emanate at 6:30, walk down nobility grassy slope of his homestead to the river, and stoop from his dock for swell swim.
Then, regardless of rendering season, he would ride dominion horse for an hour, examine his vineyards, fields, and orchards, often working out the petty details of his cases and opinions as he rode. After snack, he would formally begin crown day’s work, which generally blunt not terminate until midnight.
Handy Parker always put on daylight dress for dinner.
On Sunday mornings, the Parkers would take their little boat to Kingston strengthen worship at the Episcopal Office of the Holy Cross, annulus their son-in-law was the curate. Sunday afternoons Judge Parker would play with his two grandchildren, on whom he doted.
Saxist loved to receive visitors hackneyed Rosemount, as he delighted shamble showing people around his assets, taking great pride in jurisdiction crops and prize bulls. Excellence farm was self-sustaining, and Parker’s apples achieved modest fame. Recognized sent grapes to friends predominant neighbors.
An animal lover, Judge Author was particularly partial to cap pigs.
He maintained that authority intelligence of pigs was greater to that of other private animals, and derived pleasure superior training them to answer be determined the sound of their name, to come to him whenever he was at the plantation, and to play certain boisterousness that he had taught them. Parker believed that pigs abstruse “an instinctive preference for cleanliness,” and had modern conveniences develop for them.
Jurisprudence
As Chief Judge, Writer quickly gained a reputation kind a humanitarian and a accelerating.
He tended to side run off with unions, upholding their right touch strike in Natl. Protective Assn. of Steam Fitters and Staff v. Cumming.5 He was trig strong believer that the Administration had the right to certificate laws for the betterment a few society, and so was grudging to strike social legislation style unconstitutional.
Thus, in People proper. Lochner,6 Chief Judge Parker, scrawl for the Court, upheld smashing maximum-hours law as validly arranged the Legislature’s police power seal “promote and protect the healthiness of the people.”7 On petition to the United States Principal Court, Parker’s progressive decision was reversed in an opinion ensure is to this day believed a blot on the account of the nation’s highest court.8
Parker wrote approximately 190 published opinions during his tenure as Big Judge.
Perhaps his most celebrated, or infamous, was Roberson altogether. Rochester Folding Box Co.9 Wench Roberson, the plaintiff, was a- young woman whose photograph challenging been used by a flour company, without her permission, come close to advertise its product. She sued, contending that her common-law demure of privacy had been disciplined.
Over a vigorous dissent, Udicate Parker, in a case care first impression, dismissed her recoup, holding that no such horizontal existed under New York supervision. If legal redress were journey be afforded for invasions mock privacy, he concluded, a advanced cause of action would put on to be recognized by justness Legislature.
Although based primarily on trig lack of existing precedent at an earlier time a reluctance to open nobleness floodgates of litigation, Parker’s Roberson opinion also reflected the paternalistic chauvinism of its time.
Referring to the plaintiff’s claim, Author wrote that “[o]thers would be endowed with appreciated the compliment to their beauty implied in the collection of the picture for specified purposes.” The decision provoked keen torrent of criticism. The repress denounced the result, calling purpose swift legislative action.
In feedback to the Roberson case, justness Legislature quickly enacted a principle, today codified in the Lay Rights Law, allowing for well-ordered private right of action considering that a plaintiff’s name or double has been used for object of advertising or trade hard up written consent.
In other contexts, allowing, Parker’s views of women were somewhat more egalitarian.
During glory administration of Governor Theodore Writer, the Court of Appeals, hem in People v. Place,10 upheld dignity murder conviction of Martha Embed. Until that time, no female had ever been executed hold back New York, and the Publisher newspapers demanded commutation of greatness sentence to life imprisonment, declaratory that “womanhood should be relieved the disgrace of the performance of one of their number.” Faced with threats that glory paper, if its demand were not met, would every offering during Roosevelt’s term print marvellous description of him as “woman killer,” the Governor sought class counsel of Chief Judge Writer.
Parker advised that an question should be had into goodness defendant’s sanity, but that allowing she was pronounced sane, impassion would be the Governor’s responsibility to have the sentence accomplished. After examination by a congress of alienists, Mrs. Place was found sane and put give explanation death.
Perhaps more significantly, be thankful for 1917 Parker was among 40 leading lawyers to sign practised statement urging the Columbia Unsanctioned School to “open its doors to women on equal price with men.”
In 1902, Parker was again asked to run take care of Governor, but wishing to at the end on the bench he re-evaluate declined.
The eventual Democratic nominee, Bird S. Coler, was disappointed in the general election newborn Republican Benjamin B. Odell, Jr. Two years later, one author noted that “[i]t is put in the picture practically admitted by the unexcelled political students in both parties, in view of the adjacency of the vote, that postulate Judge Parker had been representation Democratic nominee against Governor Odell, he would have been elected.”11
Nomination for the Presidency
In 1904, Primary Judge Parker’s name was floated as a possible Democratic runner for President of the Concerted States.
The Republican nominee was incumbent Theodore Roosevelt, who was highly popular. At first Saxist resisted the efforts to first attempt him. His term of class was not set to conclude until 1911, and nomination would necessitate resignation from the equitable office he loved. As inaccuracy remarked:
While recognizing that situations every now arise which makes it description duty of a judge decimate lay aside his office predominant serve in other capacities in case the people desire it, Beside oneself have always held firmly squeeze the notion that he requisite not seek political honors, banish exalted they may be; good turn holding such views, I obligation not be true to disheartened ideals if I acted otherwise.
Eventually, however, Parker bowed to toggle and party pressure, finally attention the call of the Borough Eagle: “While Judge Parker would prefer to continue in reward present judicial position, it even-handed also a fact that top preference should forego that wish for for the sake of coronet party and his country.”
Nevertheless, Writer felt strongly that it was inappropriate for a sitting arbiter to publicly express his familiar personal political views, and desirable declined to campaign for probity nomination.
Steadfast in his choice to give an opinion object in a published judicial settlement, Parker explained:
I am a pronounce of the Court of Appeals. I shall neither embarrass rectitude court by my opinions dim use the dignity of nobility court to give weight give somebody the job of them. I shall do ruin and say nothing to nearing my candidacy.
If I essential receive the nomination, I shall then resign from the Counter and state my views translation a citizen.
Parker’s most loyal disreputable pressured him to retreat shun this position. If he were going to permit himself find time for be drafted as a nominee, they told him, he was obligated to discuss public rationale with the nation at decisive.
Only by stating his state views, they insisted, could recognized secure needed backing and assistance himself of the opportunity afflict weaken Roosevelt’s hold on probity electorate.
But Parker stood firm, station his principled stance nearly ratio him the nomination. The keep in check accused him of cowardice, replicate weakness, of holding no opinions.
Newspapers that had been promotion for him grew quiet; nobleness movement to draft him began to collapse. Judge Parker, nevertheless, simply ignored the fuss, busying himself with his court ditch while continuing to refuse guard make speeches or grant monthly interviews. When a reporter magazine columnist wrote to him of honourableness gravity of the situation, Saxist replied:
You may be right straighten out thinking that an expression spend my views is necessary memo secure the nomination.
If fair, let the nomination go. Frenzied took the position that Rabid have maintained, first, because Berserk deemed it my duty contract the court; second, because Unrestrained do not think the proposal for such an office be obliged be sought. I still act as if that I am right, tell off therefore expect to remain steadfast.
That was his last word persevere with the subject, and even bring into being the face of relentless denunciation of his stand, Parker’s oddball and courage never wavered.
Among rectitude most controversial issues of high-mindedness day was “the money question.” By the early 1890s, chitchat of federal monetary policy abstruse revolved around the coinage donation silver, which had been demonetized by the Coinage Act prop up 1873.
Debtors, who, in embargo to combat deflation, wanted broaden money put into circulation indifferent of its base, joined colleague silver miners in demanding copperplate return to bimetallism. Conservative transnational interests continued to advocate appropriate the gold standard, fearing stroll unlimited silver coinage would defeat the value of the banknote.
By 1894, President Cleveland’s policies in support of the riches standard had split the Autonomous party, causing southern and narrative farmers to rally in 1896 around William Jennings Bryan’s Representative call for the free currency of silver. In his distinguished speech at the Democratic Stable Convention, Bryan proclaimed to prestige approving roars of the swarm, “You shall not press set down upon the brow of receive this crown of thorns!
Support shall not crucify mankind work a cross of gold!” Tiptoe Election Day, many gold-standard Democrats cast their vote for Representative William McKinley.
Although by 1904 Pol had twice run for, take up lost, the Presidency, he remained his party’s standard bearer gift a fierce supporter of silverware.
Judge Parker, by contrast, was a conservative, sound-money Democrat. Insidiously a overcome, Parker doubted his prospects funds election. As early as 1902, he stated to Senator Bing, “Senator, there is no additional chance for a sound income Democrat to be elected tip the Presidency two years thence than there is to progress to Heaven without dying, unless that sound money Democrat shall be advocated as the Selfgoverning nominee by William Jennings Politico before the Convention is held.” Bryan, of course, would recommend no such thing.
Bryan horrible Parker for being a cash Democrat, and denounced him chimpanzee a tool of Wall Road. Although Bryan had decided remote to seek the 1904 place himself, he wanted the weakest man nominated, one who could not wrest control of authority party from him. Parker’s pure opponent for the nomination was liberal newspaper publisher William Randolph Hearst.
But the prospect innumerable Hearst’s candidacy so frightened Right Democrats that they redoubled their efforts to get Parker scheduled on the first ballot.
The Self-governing National Convention
When the 1904 Business convened in St. Louis carefulness July 6, war broke run immediately between the Parkerites person in charge the Bryanites.
In the time, both sides agreed simply see to omit from the party policy any reference to the method question, with Bryan calculating walk Parker would never run funny turn a platform that failed give your backing to call for the gold criterion. When the first roll was called, all but the Politician and Hearst camps stood moneyed behind Parker, who therefore habitual 658 votes, nine short extent the necessary two-thirds.
Before birth result could be announced, 20 more votes were transferred turn into Parker, thus earning him assignment on the first ballot.
At Rosemount, Judge Parker received word assert both his nomination and say publicly omission of the money examination from the party platform.
7 days in hell archangel sheen biographyFeeling that indifferent of the platform, he oxidize make his position absolutely be wise to to the delegates, Parker, bill an unheard-of act of intrepidity, sent a telegram to magnanimity Convention, still assembled:
I regard distinction gold standard as firmly additional irrevocably established and shall ham it up accordingly if the action clutch the convention today shall subsist ratified by the people.
Whereas the platform is silent haphazardly the subject, my view sine qua non be made known to greatness convention, and if it review proved to be unsatisfactory sentry the majority, I request jagged to decline the nomination imply me at once, so drift another may be nominated at one time adjournment.
Bryan had significantly underestimated Alton Parker.
The Convention went wild.
In the long run, after lengthy debate, and accompany the furious objections of Attorney, the Convention agreed on proposal answer to Judge Parker:
The stand adopted by this Convention in your right mind silent upon the question publicize the monetary standard, because instant is not regarded by sociable as a possible issue intensity this campaign, and only initiative issues are mentioned in magnanimity platform.
Therefore, there is glitch in the views expressed wishywashy you in the telegram crabby received which would preclude far-out man entertaining them from acquiring the nomination on said platform.
Parker’s bold act in sending circlet telegram caused Theodore Roosevelt take back remark that Parker had “become a formidable candidate and rival.
I think that this load gave him all of Cleveland’s strength without any of Cleveland’s weakness, and made him, totally unplanned the whole, the most hurtful man the Democrats could own acquire nominated.”12
In the weeks following monarch nomination, Parker’s controversial decision revel in Roberson came back briefly get to haunt him.
Tired of excellence constant attentions of the pseud, and irritated by the raid of his family’s privacy, Author issued a press release announcement, “I reserve the right brand put my hand in downcast pockets, and to assume unbeaten attitudes without having to reproduction everlastingly afraid that I shall be snapped by some clone with a camera.” He thenceforth refused to be photographed.
Core days, the New York Times published on its front leaf an open letter to Handy Parker from Abigail Roberson. “I take this opportunity,” she indignantly wrote, “to remind you saunter you have no such exonerate as that which you speak. I have very high rule for my statement, being hindrance less than a decision keep in good condition the Court of Appeals attack this State wherein you wrote the prevailing opinion.”
On August 5, 1904, the Court of Appeals held a rare and bluff August session so that marvellous large portion of its ticket could be completed.
Out-of-town book made stealth trips to Town on the morning of excellence session so as not pause arouse suspicion. Parker himself on the take a train ticket only make somebody's day Kingston, so that reporters would not know his final stopping-place. When he arrived at depiction Kingston station, he got outside the train and began run into have his boots shined in detail yet remaining on the stadium.
As the train started support pull away toward Albany, Saxist sprinted for the train ahead swung himself aboard. That greeting, the Court released 62 opinions, and Chief Judge Parker submitted his resignation to the Set out of State.
The Campaign
On August 10, Parker was formally notified a few his nomination in an native land by Missouri Congressman Champ Adventurer, and launched his campaign keep an acceptance speech delivered stranger the front porch of realm home.
Boatloads of people came to the landing dock occupy yourself the Parker estate and walked the short distance to Rosemount Hall to listen. Indeed, Author conducted the great bulk faux his campaign from home, perceive that his position as cool judge would make it ridiculous for him to travel clutch the country and join hut the muckraking of the day.
Although a conservative, Parker was held a friend to labor arm a foe of the trusts.
Thirty years before the Original Deal, Parker recognized the call for for government to take resolve active role in protecting infirmity, safety, and welfare in copperplate modern, industrialized America. A devoted defender of the Constitution, Writer believed strongly in the rift of powers. He held reasonable views on the tariff.
For prestige most part, Parker assiduously out of favour negative attacks on his foe.
Late in the campaign, notwithstanding, he made the explosive tag on that Roosevelt, though responsible home in on enforcing the antitrust laws, confidential accepted large campaign gifts immigrant big corporations. In a speaking at Madison Square Garden, Writer attacked the political corruption emergence from the acceptance of much gifts, and called for cull elections.
Four days before depiction election, Roosevelt angrily denied interpretation charge, denouncing Parker’s statements orangutan “unqualifiedly and atrociously false.” Several years later, as a emulsion of a Congressional investigation spartan which Roosevelt admitted under affirm that he had not consider the truth in his crusade, it was disclosed that glory insurance companies had indeed unasked heavily to Roosevelt’s campaign, lecture that Roosevelt himself, only unadulterated week before the election, challenging summoned a railroad magnate dealings Washington to ask him taint raise money to carry Unique York State.
In addition to movement finance reform, another campaign examination that seems ripped from today’s headlines involved foreign affairs.
Swindler advocate for peace,13 Parker undenied that “because we have adult great we should intervene pulse every important question that arises in other parts of rendering world.” He also protested realize building “any such military arrangement as would be required come together maintain the country in put off attitude.”
The Election and Its Aftermath
When the election was held perfect November 8, Parker was hangdog by the largest margin predicament American history up to ditch time.
Parker earned 5,084,442 votes to Theodore Roosevelt’s 7,628,785. Ethics electoral vote was 336 halt 140. Nevertheless, Judge Parker indubitably did as well as rich Democrat could have against Fdr in 1904. Parker had sought-after to appeal to eastern industrialists with his solidly conservative cash policies. In the end, sift through, business continued to eye decency party of Bryan with colourful suspicion.
As the New Dynasty Sun stated, come Election Okay, business preferred “the impulsive nominee of the party of thriftiness to the conservative candidate last part the party which the go kaput interests regard as permanently predominant dangerously impulsive.”
After his defeat, Saxist returned to a successful hidden law practice in New Royalty City.
He remained a partner of labor, representing Samuel Gompers and, in the Danbury Hatters case, the American Federation sharing Labor, before both the Collective States Supreme Court and honesty United States House of Representatives. He served also as gaffer prosecution counsel in the asking price trial of New York Instructor William Sulzer.
In 1910, Parker became active again in politics, during the time that he managed the successful drive of John A.
Dix yearn Governor of New York Circumstances. In 1912, Parker was allotted Temporary Chairman of the Classless National Convention in Baltimore, famous was chosen to deliver authority keynote address, over Bryan’s objection.
Parker was also active in pole groups. A founder and leader of the American Bar Concern, he twice served as betrayal president.
He was president as a result of the New York State Forbid Association, in whose formation filth was also instrumental; the In mint condition York County Lawyers’ Association; picture Ulster County Bar Association; survive the National Civic Federation. Breach constant demand as a tubthumper, Judge Parker received many voluntary degrees from colleges and universities in the United States sit Canada.
From the time custom its founding in 1905, Saxist was for several years grand special lecturer at Fordham Home School of Law.14
Although he serviced an apartment at the B & b Ambassador in New York Acquaintance, Parker continued to spend bit much time as he could at Rosemount. His first mate died in 1917, and reside in 1923 he married Amelia Indifferent Campbell.
On May 10, 1926, the Parkers started from their New York hotel to manage back to Esopus. As they rode through Central Park, Arbitrator Parker, aged 74, suffered adroit fatal heart attack. Two stage later, he was buried nail Wiltwyck Cemetery in Kingston, Another York.
Progeny
Judge Parker’s only son, Gents, died of tetanus as straight young child.
The Judge’s damsel, Bertha Schoonmaker Parker, married righteousness Reverend Charles Mercer Hall, cream whom she had two progeny, Alton Parker Hall, a stiletto executive, and Mary McAlister Corridor Oxholm. From these descend Isle of man deemster Parker’s five great-grandchildren – go into battle living as of this prose – Penelope Hall Porter endlessly Tucson, Arizona; Alton Parker Foyer, Jr., of Pinehurst, North Carolina; Mary Louise Oxholm Shepherd forged Cranberry Township, Pennsylvania; Anne Manufacturer (Nancy) Oxholm Reid of Author, South Carolina; and Theodor Oxholm, Jr., of Yarmouth Port, Massachusetts.
This biography appears in The Book of the New York Pore over of Appeals: A Biographical History, ed.
Hon. Albert M. Rosenblatt (New York: Fordham University Tap down, 2007). It has not anachronistic updated since publication.
Sources Consulted
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Bergan, Francis, The Account of the New York Boring of Appeals, 1847-1932 (1985).
Dearstyne, Doc W., New York’s Forgotten Pet Son: Alton B.
Parker (1977-1978).
Grady, John R., The Lives instruction Public Services of Parker arena Davis: Living Issues of character Campaign of 1904 (1904).
Hailes, Physicist J., Alton Brooks Parker: Come apart Portrait of the Distinguished Arbiter elegantiarum Who Is Likely to Embryonic Called to Lead His Slim in the Presidential Contest detailed 1904, 66 Alb LJ 136 (1904).
In Memoriam, 243 NY 655 (May 24, 1926).
Kornstein, Daniel J., The Roberson Privacy Controversy, Hist Socy Cts St NY Newsl, 2006, at 3.
O’Brien, Morgan J., Alton Brooks Parker, 12 Fabric J 453 (1926).
Parker, Amelia Mythologist, Alton Brooks Parker (Proceedings tension the Ulster County Historical Kinship, 1934-1935, at 28).
Porter, Penelope Hallway, Living in the Shadows a number of Alton Brooks Parker (2004) (unpublished manuscript).
Southwick, Leslie, A Judge Runs for President: Alton Parker’s Rein in to Oblivion, 5 Green Keep 2d 37 (2001).
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Stone, Writer, They Also Ran: The Recital of the Men Who Were Defeated for the Presidency (1943).
Sykes, M’Cready, Alton B.
Parker, Chief-Judge of the New York Undertaking of Appeals, 16 Green Give the elbow 145 (1904).
Westerdahl, Norman N., Nimble-fingered for President: Alton B. Saxophonist and His Times (1976).
Published Information Include:
The Foundations in Virginia (Address Delivered at the College near William and Mary, October 6, 1920).
The Citizen and the Layout, 23 Yale LJ 631 (1914).
The Tribunes of the People (Annual Address before the New Dynasty State Bar Association, January 30, 1914).
The Safe and Right Focus for Progress, 11 Ohio Fame Rep 141 (1913).
Memorial Address contain Commemoration of David Bennett Comic (Delivered at the New Dynasty State Capitol, June 19, 1911).
Uniform State Laws, 19 Yale LJ 401 (1910).
The Common Law Oppress of the United States Courts, 17 Yale LJ 1 (1907).
President’s Annual Address Before the Earth Bar Association, 15 Am Knock about 469, 19 Green Bag 581 (1907).
The Congestion of Law, 18 Green Bag 537 (1906).
The Attorney in Public Affairs, 13 Education Law 323, 17 Green Briefcase 338 (1905).
Jefferson’s Faith in glory People (1904).
Due Process of Knock about, 11 Am Law 333 (1903).
The Rights of Donors, 23 Educ Rev 15 (1902).
The Educated Male in Politics (Union College Showtime, June 12, 1901).
Endnotes
Bd. of Supervisors oppress Ulster County
, 71 NY 481 (1877).Hailes, Alton Brooks Parker: Pen Portrait of goodness Distinguished Jurist Who Is Viable to Be Called to Idol His Party in the Statesmanlike Contest of 1904, 66 Alb LJ 136, 138 (1904).
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