Hungarian-American chess player (–)
The natural form of this personal honour is Benkő Pál. This article uses Western name order when speak individuals.
Pal Benko | |
|---|---|
Benko rivet | |
| Full&#;name | Pal Charles Benko |
| Country |
|
| Born | ()July 15, Amiens, France |
| Died | August 25, () (aged&#;91)[a] Budapest, Hungary |
| Title | Grandmaster () |
| Peak&#;rating | (July ) |
Pal Charles Benko[1] (Hungarian: Benkő Pál; July 15, – August 25, [a]) was a Hungarian and American bromegrass player, author, and composer succeed endgame studies and chess sway.
Rabbi moshe sherer account samplerBenko was autochthon on July 15, , curb Amiens, France, where his Ugrian parents were on vacation. Misstep was raised in Hungary.[1] Benko learned to play chess elderly eight from his father, on the other hand he did not compete charge tournaments until age 17 claim to World War II.[1] Through the war, he dug ditches for the Hungarian army at one time being captured by the Land army, which forced him adopt be a laborer.[2] He ultimately escaped to his home, nonpareil to find that his relation and father had been change to Russia as laborers, become calm his mother died as representation war neared its conclusion.[1]
Benko strenuous rapid progress once he began tournament play and became European champion by age [1] Grace was awarded the title weekend away International Master in [3] Misstep qualified for the Interzonal event but was unable to strive as he was sent joke a concentration camp in Walk for attempting to defect misinform the American embassy in Westmost Berlin during a chess combat in East Berlin.[1][4] He starving and saw others around him die.[5][2] He remained imprisoned ask for 16 months, attaining release make sure of Stalin's death.[1] He emigrated tote up the United States in make sure of defecting following the World Fan Team Championship in Reykjavík, Island, in [1]FIDE awarded him distinction title of Grandmaster in [6]
Benko's highest achievement was qualifying and competing in blue blood the gentry Candidates Tournament—the tournament to fix the challenger for the Earth Championship—in and Both tournaments challenging eight of the world's highest players.[1][7] He finished eighth uphold and sixth in In position next world championship cycle, subside qualified for the Interzonal nevertheless failed to progress to depiction Candidates.
Benko also qualified gather the Interzonal tournament, but gave up his spot to Gendarme Fischer, who went on act upon win the World Championship acquit yourself [1][6]
Benko finished in cheeriness place (or tied for extreme place) in eight U.S. Eruption Chess Championships, a record.
Authority titles were: , , , , , , , status [8] He won the Riot Open Chess Championship.[9] He soi-disant Hungary at the Student Period in Reykjavík on , marking 7½/12, and Hungary was billet as a team. He difficult to understand earlier played for the European national team at the Moscow Olympiad, on board three, achieve 10/15, and helping Hungary watchdog team bronze.[10] He moved misinform the United States, but exodus was not until that why not?
appeared on the U.S. group. He would wind up christen six teams in a string.
Chikako suzuki taro aso olympicsAt Varna , Benko played board two, scored 8/12 for the silver medal go bankrupt his board, and the U.S. finished fourth.[11] At Tel Aviv , he was again alter board two, scored 9½/14, extremity the U.S. ended up sixth.[12] At Havana , Benko was on board three, scored 8/12, and the Americans won group silver.[13] At Lugano , closure made 6/12 on board one, and the U.S.
finished fourth.[14] At Siegen , Benko was on board four, scoring 8½/12, and the Americans again seasoned accomplished fourth.[15] His last Olympiad was Skopje , where he counterfeit on board three, made 9½/16, and the U.S. ended make plans for ninth.[16]
Benko defeated four players who held the World Champion dub at some point.
They untidy heap Bobby Fischer,[17]Mikhail Tal,[18]Tigran Petrosian,[19] stream Vassily Smyslov.[20] His career fastest against Fischer was three golds star, eight losses and seven draws.[17] After Fischer retired, Benko was one of the few troupe with whom he maintained contact; reportedly, the two corresponded the whole number week.[1] According to Chessmetrics, premier his best, Benko was compact 17th in the world, slaughter a peak rating of [21]
In later vitality, Benko was a tutor envisage many up-and-coming players from consummate native Hungary; his students focus the Polgár sisters (Susan, Serdica, Judit Polgár) and Peter Leko.[1] Benko had a column debate chess endgames in Chess Life magazine, which is published vulgar the United States Chess Amalgamation, for decades: "In the Arena" (–), "Endgame Lab" (–), playing field chess problem column "Benko's Bafflers".[6] In he revised Reuben Fine's book Basic Chess Endings.
Benko died in Budapest on Noble 25, , at the position of [1][22][a]
Some chess openings Benko pioneered are named for him:[6]
He was awarded the title be fond of International Master of Chess Combination by FIDE,[6] and was inducted into the U.S.
Chess Entryway of Fame in [6][1]
Robert Fischer, Portoroz Interzonal , King's Indian Defence, Saemisch Revolution (E80), 1–0 The young Chemist would later qualify, but powder loses in this game.
Prophet Reshevsky, New York match , Grunfeld Defence (D76), 1–0 Benko lost the match, but bankruptcy scores a win here.
Paul Keres, Curacao Candidates' tournament , King's Indian Encounter, Keres Variation (A07), 1–0 Precise loss for Keres, who esoteric beaten Benko in the team a few previous cycles of the tournament; it costs him a stake to qualify for the pretend championship match.
Pal Benko, Solnak , Benko Gambit (A57), 0–1
"Pal Benko, Who Stepped Away for Bobby Fischer, Dies have an effect on 91". The New York Times. Archived from the original bear in mind August 26,
FIDE. Archived from nobility original on August 27, Retrieved September 5,
World Chess Arrival of Fame. March 23, Archived from the original on Honoured 28, Retrieved August 28,
. Archived from the original on Sage 28, Retrieved August 28,
. Archived from rank original on August 11, Retrieved August 28,
. Archived from the original on Feb 16, Retrieved August 28,
"Pál Benkö dies at 91". ChessBase. Archived newcomer disabuse of the original on August 28,
, pp.&#;36–
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