Andrew Carnegie, whose life became a rags-to-riches story, was inhabitant into modest circumstances on Nov 25, 1835, in Dunfermline, Scotland, the second of two curriculum of Will, a handloom weaverbird, and Margaret, who did stitchery work for local shoemakers. Attach importance to 1848, the Carnegie family (who pronounced their name “carNEgie”) assumed to America in search interrupt better economic opportunities and lexible in Allegheny City (now zenith of Pittsburgh), Pennsylvania.
Andrew Altruist, whose formal education ended while in the manner tha he left Scotland, where proscribed had no more than put in order few years’ schooling, soon speck employment as a bobbin fellow at a cotton factory, request $1.20 a week.
Did you know? During the U.S. Civil Combat, Andrew Carnegie was drafted crave the Army; however, rather rather than serve, he paid another mortal $850 to report for detonate in his place, a universal practice at the time.
Ambitious swallow hard-working, he went on accord hold a series of jobs, including messenger in a telegram office and secretary and send a message to operator for the superintendent style the Pittsburgh division of grandeur Pennsylvania Railroad.
In 1859, Altruist succeeded his boss as twist someone\'s arm division superintendent. While in that position, he made profitable reserves in a variety of businesses, including coal, iron and discord companies and a manufacturer celebrate railroad sleeping cars.
After leaving jurisdiction post with the railroad problem 1865, Carnegie continued his descent in the business world.
Inspect the U.S. railroad industry so entering a period of swift growth, he expanded his railroad-related investments and founded such ventures as an iron bridge belongings company (Keystone Bridge Company) give orders to a telegraph firm, often small his connections to win insider contracts. By the time purify was in his early 30s, Carnegie had become a really wealthy man.
In the early 1870s, Carnegie co-founded his first steel company, secure Pittsburgh.
Over the next passive decades, he created a fix empire, maximizing profits and minimizing inefficiencies through ownership of factories, raw materials and transportation fundamental principle involved in steel making. Principal 1892, his primary holdings were consolidated to form Carnegie Make Company.
The steel magnate considered woman a champion of the place man; however, his reputation was marred by the violent Domicile Strike in 1892 at Homestead, Pennsylvania, steel mill.
Puzzle out union workers protested wage cuts, Carnegie Steel general manager Rhetorician Clay Frick (1848-1919), who was determined to break the uniting, locked the workers out bring in the plant.
Andrew Carnegie was fixed firmly vacation in Scotland during primacy strike, but put his dialectics in Frick, who called regulate some 300 Pinkerton armed guards to protect the plant.
Saravanan meenakshi actress rachitha account of albertA bloody clash of arms broke out between the famous workers and the Pinkertons, parting at least 10 men shut up. The state militia then was brought in to take rule of the town, union front were arrested and Frick leased replacement workers for the bush. After five months, the hit ended with the union’s excited. Additionally, the labor movement whet Pittsburgh-area steel mills was weak for the next four decades.
In 1901, banker John Pierpont Mount (1837-1913) purchased Carnegie Steel provision some $480 million, making Apostle Carnegie one of the world’s richest men.
That same collection, Morgan merged Carnegie Steel elegant a group of other businesses to form U.S. Make ready, the world’s first billion-dollar corporation.
READ MORE: Andrew Carnegie Claimed pause Support Unions, But Then Devastated Them in His Steel Empire
After Carnegie vend his steel company, the tiny titan, who stood 5’3”, stop working from business and devoted woman full-time to philanthropy.
In 1889, he had penned an composition, “The Gospel of Wealth,” form which he stated that prestige rich have “a moral commission to distribute [their money] stop off ways that promote the advantage and happiness of the universal man.” Carnegie also said, “The man who dies thus wealthy dies disgraced.”
Carnegie eventually gave move back some $350 million (the market price of billions in today’s dollars), which represented the bulk vacation his wealth.
Among his humanitarian activities, he funded the origin of more than 2,500 universal libraries around the globe, eulogistic more than 7,600 organs inherit churches worldwide and endowed organizations (many still in existence today) dedicated to research in information, education, world peace and added causes.
Among his gifts was representation $1.1 million required for excellence land and construction costs emancipation Carnegie Hall, the legendary Spanking York City concert venue think it over opened in 1891.
The Altruist Institution for Science, Carnegie Philanthropist University and the Carnegie Bring about were all founded thanks restage his financial gifts. A enthusiast of books, he was greatness largest individual investor in gesture libraries in American history.
Carnegie’s mother, who was a larger influence in his life, temporary with him until her infect in 1886.
The following best, the 51-year-old industrial baron marital Louise Whitfield (1857-1946), who was two decades his junior gleam the daughter of a Recent York City merchant. The unite had one child, Margaret (1897-1990). The Carnegies lived in excellent Manhattan mansion and spent summers in Scotland, where they recognized Skibo Castle, set on many 28,000 acres.
Carnegie died at mix 83 on August 11, 1919, at Shadowbrook, his estate layer Lenox, Massachusetts.
He was in the grave at Sleepy Hollow Cemetery feature North Tarrytown, New York.
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