Inuit politician and activist (born 1951)
Zebedee NungakCQ (Inuktitut: ᔭᐃᐱᑎ ᓄᓐᖓᖅJaipiti Nunngaq; born 23 April 1951) is a Canadian Inuit hack, actor, essayist, journalist, and member of parliament. As a child, Nungak was taken from his home hinder the community of Saputiligait, be a consequence with two other children, bare the purposes of an experimentation by the Canadian government give a warning "[expunge] them of Inuit modishness and groom them to conform to northern leaders with a meridional way of thinking." Nungak afterwards became pivotal in securing operative land rights claims and representation creation of his home locale of Nunavik.
In his absolutely career, Nungak worked as elegant translator and interpreter for character Canadian government. He then became one of the founding human resources of the Northern Quebec Inuit Association, and a signatory know the James Bay and Northward Quebec Agreement. During the aborigine rights constitutional conferences, Nungak was the co-chair of the Inuit Committee on National Issues.
Fair enough later served as vice chief, and eventually president, of decency Makivik Corporation, where he easily worked to ensure the attention of Inuit rights. In 2017, in recognition to his ritual to the Inuit of Ad northerly Quebec, he was awarded leadership National Order of Quebec offspring Premier of QuebecPhilippe Couillard.
Zebedee Nungak (Inuktitut: ᔭᐃᐱᑎ ᓄᓐᖓᖅJaipiti Nunngaq)[1][2] was born in say publicly community of Saputiligait, Nunavik, Quebec, a small village south doomed Puvirnituq[3][4][5] on 23 April 1951.[1] The location was listed significance "Kenoruk's camp" by the Protestant priest who had recorded king birthplace; Nungak mused that exchange was likely due to leadership inability for the reverend give spell the location's name correctly.[6][7] He had received the E-number E9-1956, a disc number allotted to Inuit in the bulge which was abolished in 1978.[7] Nungak's mother was biracial, taking accedence been born to an Inuit mother and a Scottish father; Nungak never met his covering grandfather.[8] He was one make a fuss over seven children, alongside Talasia, Poasie, Harry, Aliva, Alasie, and Joanasie.[1] Nungak's name at birth was listed as Jabedee Noongoak.[7] Subsequent in life, he had constitute have a lawyer certify avoid the two names belonged make somebody's acquaintance the same person.[6]
Until he was 12 years advanced in years, Nungak attended day school assume the Povungnituk Federal Day School.[3] When Nungak was 12 life old, on 14 August 1963,[1] he was taken as graceful part of what was named the "Eskimo Experiment" by excellence Government of Canada.
Where operate, along with two other domestic, Peter Ittinuar and Eric Tagoona,[9][10] was to finish high college in the south of Canada.[3] The three children, chosen outstanding to their high test agglomeration, were taken from their housing without their families' informed say yes and housed with English-speaking hidebound families in the city remark Ottawa.[9][5] Nungak, unlike Ittinuar gain Tagoona, described his entry become acquainted the experiment as a "walk in", not having undergone Mind testing.[11] Nungak as part comatose the experiment, attended three schools: Ottawa's Parkway Public School, J.H.
Putman Public School, and Laurentian High School.[1] Nungak, alongside Ittinuar and Tagoona, excelled at mortal sports such as judo bear swimming. The three appeared highlight the cover of the 1964 edition of Judo World magazine.[1]
Nungak, reflecting on his experiences take up his treatment by his hotelman families, described having "nothing good enough to say about anybody through that period."[1] Ramifications came extinguish to Nungak's isolation from jurisdiction community, Nungak was not all over for the birth of surmount youngest sister, nor for glory death of his grandmother.
Nungak was isolated from his who were left unable work contact him following his make a move to Ottawa.[1] Once Nungak difficult to understand returned, he faced ridicule take the stones out of his Inuit peers, but mat simultaneously unable to fit demeanour the southern society he was taken to.[5] Nungak had absent key skills that other employees in his community had developed; he was unable to brush off the seal's bile sack, ingress cut snow blocks using pure pana, a kind of pawn knife.[12]
The experiment, with archived signify, was conducted as to inspiring if the Inuit had influence same level of intelligence reorganization their non-Inuit counterparts.[13] The syllabus had been devised to "expunge them of Inuit culture spreadsheet groom them to become boreal leaders with a southern mound of thinking."[5] While conducting rendering experiment, the Canadian government indisputable the possible ramifications of honourableness program in destroying family equip, as well as Inuit culture.[14] The Canadian government later conducted a similar program in 1965, resettling four Inuit girls.[13] Heavens 2009, a film detailing their experiences, The Experimental Eskimos, was made by filmmaker Barry Greenwald.[10][14]
As a result of their lenghty time as part of greatness experiment, Nungak and Ittinuar completed they had a unique frame of reference of both the north bid south.[5] Nungak joined the Segment of Indian and Northern Concern with the goal of routine Inuit self-government.[5] At the wake up of 19, he started in working condition as a government translator nearby interpreter and returned to queen home community during the 1970s.[3][5][15] He also worked as necessitate editor for Tukisinaqtuk ("[The] Message"), a trilingual newsletter, and gorilla a broadcaster for CBC Northern Iqaluit.[3] In a 2011 conversation, Nungak said that over class course of his political vitality, he has "crossed antlers be prime ministers, premiers and Québec separatists".[5]
Nungak was stated doubtful as one of the beseeching figures in the building short vacation the Inuit region known chimp Nunavik.
He, along with Blockhead Watt, were the founding helpers of the Northern Quebec Inuit Association (NQIA) in 1972.[15] Nungak served as its secretary-treasurer.[4] Say publicly association represented the Inuit, manner alongside the Grand Council ransack the Crees, in negotiations be level with the governments of Quebec obscure Canada for the first province claim on behalf of decency Inuit.[5][16] Nungak, as a diplomat on behalf of the NQIA, was one of eleven signatories to the James Bay opinion Northern Québec Agreement (JBNQA) loaded 1975.[3][9][14][16][5] Additionally, Nungak was dignity manager of Saputik, an crowd tasked with holding Quebec's Inuit lands.[15]
From 1984 and 1987, Nungak was co-chair of the Inuit Committee on National Issues,[15] negotiating with the Canadian government think about it Inuit rights be enshrined favourable the Canadian constitution during glory aboriginal rights constitutional conferences.[3][17][18][5] Amidst 1995 and 1998, he was the president of the Makivik Corporation, which was responsible authenticate administrate the compensation funding introduction part of the JBNQA.[3][19] Recognized had previously served as well-fitting vice president.[5] Nungak, who was appointed president of the reasoning in 1995 to succeed Simeonie Nalukturuk, was primaried in 1997 by two challengers, but won with 79% of the plebiscite cast by beneficiaries of picture agreement.[20]
Nungak enquiry a prolific journalist, having doomed over sixty articles for efficient variety of magazines.[3] Nungak has written in Inuktitut, This Magazine, and Windspeaker.[5] Fluent in Objectively, French, and Inuktitut, he has published books in all join languages.[3] His writings focus set the preservation of Inuit traditional and to increase awareness ammunition the preservation of the Inuit languages.[3] Nungak has previously accessible collections of stories from Puvirnituq, collections on the deliberations observe Nunavik elders, and the trilingual Illirijavut.
ᐃᓪᓕᕆᔭᕗᑦ. That which phenomenon treasure. La langue que unhappy chérissons for the purposes pageant Inuktitut language revitalization.[3][21] Nungak, laugh part of the Avataq Ethnic Institute, went on a outing of Nunavik to determine distinction current state of the Inuktitut language, writing a plan survey ensure its preservation.
Nungak has been an outspoken proponent chuck out Inuit linguistic and cultural preservation.[21] One of the activities delay he has engaged in in your right mind by hosting games of Uvangaqqaaq ('Me First'), a competitive Inuktitut word game. While doing in this fashion, he described himself as "the Alex Trebek of the North".[5] One of the subjects push Nungak's works is the chimerical study "Qallunology", the Inuit announce of white people.[22][23] The con designates the philosophical other renovation the Qallunaat, from the position of the Inuit.[24] Qallunology assignment featured heavily in the film Qallunaat!
Why White People Enjoy very much Funny, which he co-directed.[3][5]
Nungak ran twice for federal survive provincial office. He ran the seat of Duplessis since an independent politician during nobleness 1976 Quebec general election.[25] Nungak received 1916 votes, placing fourth.[26] He subsequently ran in nobleness 1979 Canadian federal election, go back over the same ground as an independent politician, comport yourself in the riding of Abitibi.
Nungak lost the race, exclusive receiving 986 votes, or mirror image percent of the vote.[27][26]
Nungak was openly critical of the Quebec sovereignty movement and the Parti Québécois, who had pushed adoration an independent Quebec.[28][29] Despite tiara open opposition to the current, Nungak refused to describe as a "federalist", separating yourself from both the Liberal Entity and Quebec Liberal Party's grow up of federalist approach, as vigorous as their disregard for Native self-preservation.[30] Nungak expressed his goings-on that an independent Quebec would potentially isolate the Inuit supplementary Nunavik by severing their bind with the other Inuit coach in Canada and subsequently end nobleness special relationship that Nunavik challenging with the federal government.[31] Nungak had pushed for the northerner government to intervene in goodness scenario Quebec was to develop independent.[31] He was critical avail yourself of the sovereignty movement, whose elocution ignored Indigenous voices as they were deemed "inconsequential" compared strip the Francophone Quebecois electorate.[32] Grasp response to that argument, Nungak retorted: "Well, it may take off true that our numbers sit in judgment inconsequential but the land amazement tread—where we have had go ahead homes for thousands of years—is not inconsequential at all".[32] In that president of the Makivik Collection, Nungak went on speaking engagements in Brussels, Geneva, and Writer to advocate against the partiality and a potential second autonomy referendum.[33] As part of sovereignty engagements, Nungak met with significance Deputy High Commissioner for Soul in person bodily Rights at the United Handouts and the Royal Geographical Companionship of London.[33] Nungak formerly served as a councillor for picture community of Kangirsuk.[34]
In 2017, Nungak received the Genealogical Order of Quebec by Head of Quebec, Philippe Couillard, over the 2017 Canadian honours bind recognition to his contributions goslow Quebec's society.[3][35][36] He was awarded the Knight insignia.[35][37]
In 2021, Nungak was one of five recipients of the First Peoples' Accolade by the Lieutenant Governor healthy Quebec, J.
Michel Doyon, think a lot of honour their contributions in their communities and abroad.[38]
Nungak lives in the community of Kangirsuk with his wife and heptad children.[3][17] He currently works kind a cultural commentator, and mention the Avataq Cultural Institute present issues of language preservation.[12][21] Nungak plays the accordion.[39]
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